Full Text: Severe Humanitarian Disasters Caused by US Aggres(7)
时间:2024-04-08 12:21 来源:网络整理 作者:墨客科技 点击:次
——美国自身也成为其对外发动战争的牺牲品。根据美国退伍军人事务部的统计，美军在朝鲜战争和越南战争中的身体受伤人员分别高达103284人和153303人。2001年至2005年，从伊拉克和阿富汗战争中返回的103788名退伍军人中，约有三分之一被诊断出患有精神或心理疾病，56%的确诊者患有一种以上的疾病。美国国会研究局的研究显示，2008年至2016年，每年有超过6000名退伍军人自杀。美军给参加过朝鲜战争的老兵及其家庭的补偿每年达28亿美元，给参加过越南战争的老兵及其家庭的补偿每年超过220亿美元，为参加过阿富汗战争的退伍军人支付的医疗和伤残护理费已超过1700亿美元。《商业内幕》网站2019年12月报道，阿富汗战争爆发以来，估计有超过3800名美国平民承包商死亡，这远远超过政府统计数字，甚至超过美军死亡人数。 Last but not least, even the United States itself has fallen victim to the foreign wars it has started. According to statistics from the US Department of Veterans Affairs, there were 103,284 US soldiers who suffered physical injuries during the Korean War, and the number reached 153,303 for the Vietnam War. Between 2001 and 2005, about one-third of the 103,788 veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were diagnosed with mental or psychological illness, and 56 percent of those diagnosed had more than one disease. A study by the Congressional Research Service (CRS), which works exclusively for the United States Congress, pointed out that more than 6,000 veterans committed suicide every year from 2008 to 2016. The amount of economic compensation offered by the US military to the Korean War veterans reaches 2.8 billion US dollars per year, and the amount given to the Vietnam War veterans and their families is more than 22 billion US dollars per year. The cost of medical and disability care for the Afghanistan War veterans has exceeded 170 billion US dollars. Business Insider, a US business and technology news website, reported in December 2019 that the Afghanistan war has led to the deaths of more than 3,800 US contractors, and this number far exceeds the relevant statistical result released by the US government and even the US military deaths in Afghanistan. 三、人道主义危机源于美国的霸权思维 3. The Major Cause of the Above-Mentioned Humanitarian Crises: The United States' Hegemonic Mentality 纵观美国对外发动的多次侵略战争，可以看出其军事行动导致人道主义危机的案例不在少数。在当前战火未熄的阿富汗、伊拉克、叙利亚等国，“误炸误伤”频频发生，难民漂泊无处落脚，基础设施千疮百孔，国民生产停滞不前。美国在国外发起的战争，往往打着“人权高于主权”“人道主义干预”等旗号，为何最终演变为人道主义灾难呢？ When reviewing the many aggressive wars launched by the United States, it can be seen that many of these military actions have led to humanitarian crises. In Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and other countries where wars are still ongoing, accidental bombings and injuries still frequently occur, and refugees have nowhere to stay. The infrastructure of these countries is crippled, and their national production is stagnant. The United States launched these foreign wars under the pretext of "humanitarian intervention" or "human rights overriding sovereignty", but why did these wars fought for humanitarian purposes turn into humanitarian disasters in the end? 美国《外交政策》杂志2011年4月曾总结出美国频繁对外动武的五个原因，除了军力优势导致其很难抵制住诉诸武力的诱惑、国内制衡机制难以发挥有效作用等因素外，并未提及美国价值观在其中发挥了什么作用。实际上，“维护人权”并非美国对外动武的明确驱动力，对外动武不过是美国达成自身目标的一种手段，虽然其中并不排斥道义感的驱使，但这并非充分或必要条件。只要认为需要，只要相信对自身有利，只要觉得力所能及，美国就会产生动武的冲动。而由此带来的人道主义灾难再可怕，也总是别人在承担，不会影响美国达成其目标，也不会直接伤害美国人。选择不计后果地动武，其背后透射出的是“美国优先”、强者通吃的霸权心态，是“唯我独尊、宁负天下”的单边思维。 (责任编辑：admin) |