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双语:超级蓝血月全食今晚现身!送你一份观天

  北京时间1月31日晚,天文爱好者等待已久的“超级蓝月”+“月全食”将在天幕现身。该准备哪些长枪短炮?用手机如何拍出最美照片?观月还需储备哪些知识点?收下这份观月攻略,让你有备而去,尽兴而归。

An illustration of a super blue blood moon from NASA.

An illustration of a super blue blood moon from NASA.

  此次“超级蓝月”与月全食组合为何如此受瞩目?

  其实,“蓝月”并不稀有,但如果“蓝月”是一颗“超级月亮”,又同时发生月全食,那就是十分罕见的天象。

  On January 31, you will be treated to both a visible supermoon—what we call a full moon at its closest orbital point to Earth—and a total lunar eclipse. As the second full moon of the month, it earns the title of a blue moon as well. The celestial coincidence hasn’t happened in more than 150 years. That means there were people who lived and died on this Earth without ever having had a chance to see this phenomenon, which won’t reappear again for another decade.

  1月31日,你会同时看到肉眼可见的超级月亮和月全食。超级月亮指的是在绕地运行轨道上处于近地点的满月。作为1月第二次满月,这次超级月亮也被称为超级蓝月。这种天文上的巧合是150多年来首次出现,也就是说有人一辈子都没有见过,而未来十年都不会重现。

  This supermoon also happens to be the final one in a supermoon trilogy—the first two of which appeared on Dec. 3 and Jan. 1.

  这次超级月亮还是一连三次超级月亮的最后一次——前两次发生在2017年12月3日和2018年1月1日。

 

A "supermoon" full moon sets over the RT-70 radio telescope in the village of Molochnoye, Crimea January 2, 2018. REUTERS/Pavel Rebrov

 

  
准备好迎接“超级蓝血月”吧!

  Visible supermoons appear 14% bigger and 30% brighter than full moons that occur at the farthest point in the moon’s orbit. During the eclipse, with totality visible from eastern Asia across the Pacific to western North America, the moon will slowly lose its brightness and take on a reddish hue because of the way the atmosphere bends the light, says NASA.

  肉眼可见的超级月亮看起来比在月球轨道上距离地球最远的满月要大14%、亮30%。美国国家航空航天局表示,在月食期间,月球将缓缓变暗,并且因光线经过大气层发生折射而呈现出红铜色。从东亚经太平洋直至北美洲西部地区,可以观测到月全食。

  As a result, totally eclipsed moons are sometimes also called “blood moons.”

  因此,月全食有时也叫“血月”。

  【小知识:“蓝月”、“血月”究竟是啥?】

  “蓝月”当然不是形容月亮的颜色。“蓝月”由英语“blue moon”直译而来,意为“罕见的事情”。天文学中,“蓝月”是一个月中的第二次满月,因相对罕见而被叫做“蓝月”。

  “超级月亮”指的是月亮“微胖的体型”。本次“蓝月”发生时,月亮恰在近地点附近,从地球上用肉眼观测,月亮看起来比平时更大。

  月全食和“血月”又有何联系?事实上,在月全食现象发生时,会有“血月”出现。月全食现象包括初亏、食既、食甚、生光、复圆,本次月全食的最精彩部分将在20时52分左右出现,全食阶段将持续1小时16分钟。

  【观月指南】

  此次“超级蓝月”与月全食“大戏”,将在我国绝大部分地区上演,且月全食主要过程发生在前半夜,非常利于观测和拍摄。同时,全球太平洋地区和北美西海岸地区也能一睹风采。

 
A NASA graphic showcases a timeline for the upcoming eclipse.  

  When can I see the supermoon and total lunar eclipse?
何时能看到超级月亮和月全食?

  The best time to enjoy a supermoon is right after moonrise and before sunrise, when the moon is sitting on the horizon. It will appear its biggest and brightest because of a “moon illusion” effect that’s created when you are able to compare the lunar body to other objects for scale, like buildings and foliage.

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